Current trends in maize breeding at Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”
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Maize breeding program at the Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje" begun
during the fifties of the last century and it was based on the principles of
inbreeding hybridization. During the sixties, first maize hybrids were
registered and each subsequent decade a new generation of hybrids was
created. So far, more than 800 maize hybrids have been registered in Serbia
and more than 170 hybrids abroad. Testing program includes field evaluations
of experimental hybrids in a large number of locations in Serbia, paying
attention to the correct choice of environments. Each season 5000-7000 new
hybrid combinations have been tested in Serbia. Additionally, the most
promising hybrids of different maturity groups are being tested at more than
20 locations abroad, with the aim of selecting the best hybrids for each foreign
market. In order to accelerate breeding procedure, service of winter generation
in Chile is used, with the aim of obtaining two generations during one calendar
year.... Since 2014, the application of double haploid technology in maize
breeding has started. So far, 13000 double haploid lines have been created from
350 original populations. Optimization of each step in the methodology
towards the higher efficiency is the main task for breeders: higher induction
rate, higher duplication rate, better agronomic traits of inducers. This year the
first hybrid containing a double haploid line has been registered. In addition,
several hybrids developed using this method are in registration procedure.
Application of molecular markers represents an essential part of modern
breeding programs. Use of SNP markers became a routine tool in breeding
program of Maize Research Institute. In the last few years, 400 most elite ZP
maize inbred lines were characterized using this type of markers. In addition
to the creation of hybrids with standard grain quality, breeding program of
specific maize hybrids exists and it includes breeding for hybrids with white
endosperm, sweet maize and popcorn.
Breeding for herbicide tolerance resulted in registration of several cycloxidim
tolerant hybrids during last decade. Also, several hybrids with red grain color,
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which are characterized by higher anthocyanin content, have been registered
so far. Recent innovation in maize breeding program is implementation of
cloud-based software platform, which will enable better data collection and
management, creation of new experiements and improved statistical analysis.
Ključne reči:
maize / hybrids / breeding program / innovationIzvor:
12. international symposium on agricultural sciences „AgroRes 2023“, Trebinje, 24– 26.05.2023. - Book of abstracts, 2023, 45-46Izdavač:
- Banja Luka : University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Agriculture