@conference{
author = "Ristić, Danijela and Gošić-Dondo, Snežana and Vukadinović, Jelena and Kostadinović, Marija and Kravić, Natalija and Kovinčić, Anika and Mladenović Drinić, Snežana",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Upotreba kukuruza u ishrani ljudi i životinja ima široku primenu jer predstavlja
izvor različitih tohemikalija koje povoljno utiču na metaboličke procese. Tokom
vegetacije biljka kukuruza izložena je različitim uticajima abiotičkog i biotičkog
stresa. Napad jedne od najznačajnijih štetočina kukuruza, larve Ostrinia nubilalis
zavisi od uslova sredine i može dovesti do smenjenja prinosa i do 30%. Oštećenja
nadzemnih delova biljke povećavaju rizik od pojave truleži klipa, jer predstavljaju
mesta
sekundarne infekcije izazvane različitim patogenim gljivama. Jedna
od neophodnih agrotehničkih mera je primena pesticida u poljoprivredi u cilju
suzbijanju kako štetočina tako i korova, obezbeđujući stabilan prinosa. S druge
strane, primena pesticida, nepovoljni uslovi spoljašnje sredine i biotički stres mogu
dovesti do oksidativnog stresa, oštećenja ćelija i pojave slobodnih radikala i reaktivnih
vrsta
kiseonika
(engl.
reactive
oxygen
species
-
ROS).
Ćelije
i
tkiva
biljaka
imaju
razvijene
antioksidativne
sisteme
odbrane
koji
ihibiraju
ili
vezuju
slobodne
radikale.
Najznačajniji neenzimski antioksidansi su avonoidi, fenolne kiseline,
karotenoidi, tokoferoli, tinska kiselina, vitamin C, i glutation. Osim promena u
prinosu i antioksidativnom statusu, kod biljke može doći i do promena u količini
i drugih tohemikalija kao što su proteini, šećeri, amnokiseline i masne kiseline.
Do sada su nedovljno ispitani uticaji pesticida i abiotički stres koji mogu da izazovu
promene
na
različitim
tkivima
kukuruza,
pri
čemu
je
više
pažnje
posvećano
promeni
tohemikalija
izazvanoj uticajem spoljašnje sredine kao što je vodni
decit. U cilju pronalaženja karakterističnog odgovora genotipa, u odnosu na
promene tohemijskog sadržaja, kao i eventualno izdvajanje genotipa tolerantnog
na potencijalni stres primenjuju su metode spekrofotometrije i savremene metode
tečne i gasne hromatograje za odredjivanje tohemikalija u biljci., The use of maize in human nutrition and livestock feed is widely used because it
is a source of various phytochemicals that have a positive efect on metabolic processes.
During
the
growing
season,
the
maize
plant
is
exposed
to
various
influences
of
abiotic
and
biotic
stress.
Ostrinia
nubilalis
larvae,
one
of
the
predominant
maize
pests,
can
reduce
plant
growth
and
cause
stalk
and
ear
damage,
leading
to
a
yield
decrease
of
up
to
30%.
Damage
to
the
above-ground
parts
of
the
plant
increases
the
risk
of
cob
rot,
presenting
sites
of
secondary
infection
caused
by
pathogenic
fungi.
One
of
the
necessary
agrotechnical
strategies
is
the
application
of
pesticides
in
order
to control both pest and weed impact, providing stability of yield. On
the other hand, the application of pesticides, negative environmental impacts,
and biotic stress can lead to oxidative stress, cell damage and the appearance of
free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cells and plant tissues have developed
antioxidant
defense
systems
that
inhibit
or
bind
free
radicals.
The
most
important
non-enzymatic
antioxidants
are
flavonoids,
phenolic
acids,
carotenoids,
tocopherols,
phytic acid, vitamin C, and glutathione. In addition to changes in
yield and antioxidant status, alteration of other phytochemicals such as proteins,
sugars, amino acids and fatty acids can also occur in the plant. The effects of pesticides
and
abiotic
stress
that
they
can
cause
on
different
tissues
of
maize have
been insufficiently investigated. More attention has been given to the changes in
phytochemicals content caused by the influence of the environment such as water
deficit. In order to find the response of the genotype, in relation to changes in the
phytochemical content, as well as the eventual selection of a genotype tolerant
to potential stress, spectrophotometry methods and modern methods of liquid
and gas chromatography were applied to determine phytochemicals in the plant.",
publisher = "Beograd : Društvo genetičara Srbije, Beograd : Društvo selekcionara i semenara Republike Srbije",
journal = "10. simpozijum Društva selekcionera i semenara Republike Srbije i 7. simpozijum Sekcije za oplemenjivanje organizama Društva genetičara Srbije, Vrnjačka Banja, 16-18. oktobar 2023, Zbornik apstrakata",
title = "Uticaj abiotičkog i biotičkog stresa na promenu fitohemikalija u listu i zrnu kukuruza - posledice po kvalitet i bezbednost hrane, Effect of abiotic and biotic stress on alteration of phytochemicals in maize leaf and grain - aftereffect on food quality and safety",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rik_1341"
}
