Ispitivanje kombinacionih sposobnosti za broj zrna u redu inbred linija kukuruza različitih ciklusa selekcije

Abstract

U ovom istraživanju prouĉavane su inbred linije kukuruza dobijene iz razliĉitih ciklusa selekcije dve sintetiĉke populacije BSSS i BSCB1 kao i linije roditelji elitnog hibrida.Cilj je bio da se za osobinu broj zrna u redu ispita varijabilnost inbred linija i njihovih hibrida, heterozis i opšte i posebne kombinacione sposobnosti.Najveći proseĉan broj zrna u redu dobijen je kod hibrida ZPL2 x B73 (44,2) za koji je utvrđena i najviša vrednost heterozisa od (59,4%) dok je najmanji proseĉan broj zrna u redu ostvario hibrid B90 x B91(15,60). Za linije iz BSSS populacije i linije roditelje elitnog hibrida konstatovano je da neaditivni geni preovlađuju u nasleđivanju što pokazuje odnos OKS/PKS koji je bio manji od jedinice dok je za linije BSCB1 sintetika i linije elitnog hibrida aditivna varijansa veća od neaditivne.Linija B73(C5) iz sintetika BSSS se pokazala kao najbolji opšti kombinator u obe ispitivane godine i lokacije što upućuje da se može koristiti u programima oplemenjivanja na povećan broj zrna u redu.U BSCB1 populaciji inbred linija B97(C9) takođe je ispoljila visoke vrednosti za OKS.

Maize inbred lines developed from different cycles of selection of two synthetic populations, BSSS and BSCB1, as well as the parental inbreds of an elite hybrid were observed in this study. The objective of the study was to observe the following parameters for the number of kernels per row: variability of inbred lines and their hybrids, heterosis, general and specific combining abilities. The greatest number of kernels per row was recorded in the hybrid ZPL2 x B73 (44.2). Moreover, the highest value of heterosis was also determined in this hybrid (59.4%). On the other hand, the lowest average number of kernels per row was detected in the hybrid B90 x B91 (15.60). Negative genes prevailed in inheritance in the inbreds of the BSSS population and parental inbreds of the elite hybrid, which was indicated by the GSC to SCA ratio that was below unit, while the additive variance was greater than the non-additive one in the inbreds of the synthetic BSCB1and the inbreds of the elite hybrid. The inbred B73(C5) of the synthetic BSSS had the highest GCA effects in both locations and both years of investigation indicating that it can be used in the breeding programmes for the increased number of kernels per row. In the BSCB1 population, the inbred line B97(C9) also expressed high values of GCA.