Značaj preduseva za produktivnost kukuruza

Abstract

Prednosti tropoljnog i četvoropoljnog plodoreda u odnosu na dvopoljni su smanjena učestalost obrade zemljišta i time ušteda u energentima, manji unos mineralnih azotnih đubriva i količine primenjenih herbicida. Istraživanja su imala za cilj da ukažu na značaj pravilne smene useva u tropoljnom plodoredu i uporede prednosti gajenja kukuruza nakon ozime pšenice ili soje u pogledu smanjenja zakorovljenosti, formiranja žetvenog indeksa i prinosa zrna. Rezultati višegodišnjih ispitivanja su pokazali da je smena useva u plodoredu značajno doprinela da sveža masa korova bude manja a žetveni indeks i prinos zrna kukuruza veći u plodosmeni kukuruz ozima pšenica-soja u odnosu na kukuruz-soja-ozima pšenica.

The advantages of the three- and four-crop rotations in relation to the two crop rotation are reduced frequency of soil tillage, and thus savings in energy sources, lower intake of mineral nitrogen fertilisers and the amount of applied herbicides. The aim of the present study was to indicate the importance of a proper alternation of crops in the three-crop rotation system and to compare the advantages of cultivation of maize after winter wheat or soybean in terms of reducing weediness, formation of the harvest index and grain yield. Results of long-term studies have shown that the crop sequence significantly contributed to the decrease in fresh biomass of weed and the increase in the harvest index and grain yield in the maize-winter wheat-soybean rotation in relation to the maize-soybean-winter wheat rotation