Kombinovana primena plodoreda i herbicida za unapređenje suzbijanja korova u kukuruzu

Abstract

Višegodišnja istraživanja su imala za cilj da ukažu na značaj gajenja kukuruza u tropoljnom plodoredu u odnosu na monokulturu, u pogledu smanjenja brojnosti korova kao i formiranja veće lisne površine i prinosa zrna kukuruza. Rezultati su pokazali da je smena useva u tropoljnom plodoredu K-P-S značajno doprinela da brojnost korova u kukuruzu bude manja (za 51,19%), a lisna površina i prinos zrna veći (za 13,98% i 45,87%) u odnosu na monokulturu kukuruza. Razlike u brojnosti korova, lisnoj površini i prinosu zrna kukuruza između varijanti sa punom količinom herbicida i polovinom od pune količine nisu bile značajne, što ukazuje na prednosti kombinovane primene hemijskih i agrotehničkih mera za poizvodnju kukuruza i smanjenje zagađenja agroekosistema.

Maize cultivation in a crop rotation, especcially when legumes are incorporated, contribute to the high yield achievement and a reduction of weed infestation. In such a crop rotation system, the lower rates of herbicides could be applied in order to achive reduction of weed species distribution. The investigations were aimed to underline the importance of crop rotation in comparision to maize continuous cropping for weed distribution reduction and increase of maize leaf area and grain yield. The results of long-term investigation showed that crop rotation contibuted to the significant decrease of weed number (51,19%) and increase of leaf area and grain yield of maize (13,98% and 45,87%, respectively) in comparision to maize continuous cropping. Differences in weed number, maize leaf area and grain yield between herbicide treatments in the recommended and half of recomended rate were not significant, underlining the importance and high efficiency of combined application of cultural and chemical measures in maize cultivation and agroecosystem prevention.