Donori poželjnih alela za popravku osobine broj redova zrna F1 hibrida kukuruza

Abstract

Za ispitivanje u ovom radu su odabrane inbred linije kukuruza dobijene iz razliĉitih ciklusa rekurentne selekcije dve sintetiĉke populacije BSSS i BSCB1.Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se za osobinu broj redova zrna oceni koja od prouĉavanih inbred linija ima najveće relativne vrednosti poželjnih alela za popravku elitnog hibrida.Najviše vrednosti μG* su bile kod inbred linija B73(C5) i B84(C7) iz populacije BSSS.Ove linije su imale znaĉajnu razliku μG*-(μD* ili μF*) u korist poželjnih dominantnih alela a takođe su bile i dobri donori za osobinu prinos zrna te se može oĉekivati da će se paralelno dobiti biljke koje će imati i zadovoljavajući broj redova zrna. Kako su pri proceni srodnosti B73(C5) i B84(C7) pokazale srodstvo sa linijom roditelja ZPL1 potrebno je ukrstiti F1 generacije (ZPL1 x B73 i ZPL1 x B84) povratno sa linijama donorima pa tek onda zapoĉeti samooplodnju s ciljem dobijanja linije koja će zameniti liniju ZPL1 u posmatranom hibridu.Linije B91(C8) i B97(C9) iz sintetiĉke populacije BSCB1 pokazale su da sadrže znaĉajne vrednosti poželjnih alela.Obe su imale znaĉajnu pozitivnu razliku μG*-(μD* ili μF*) između broja poželjnih dominantnih i nepoželjnih recesivnih alela te bi trebalo povratno ukrstiti F1 generaciju (linija roditelj x linija donor) sa linijom donorom.

Maize inbred lines developed from different cycles of recurrent selection of two synthetic populations, BSSS and BSCB1, were selected for the observation in the present study. The aim of the study was to estimate which of the observed inbred lines had the highest relative values of favourable alleles for the enhancement of the number of kernel rows of the elite hybrid. The highest values of μG* were recorded in the inbred lines B73(C5) and B84(C7) of the population BSSS. The difference μG*-(μD* or μF*) in these inbreds was significant in favour of the favourable dominant alleles and also were good donors for the grain yield, thus it may be expected that plants with a satisfactory number of kernel rows will be simultaneously derived. In the estimation of relatedness, the inbreds B73(C5) and B84(C7) showed the consanguinity with the inbred of the parent ZPL1. Therefore, it is necessary to beck-cross their F1 generation (ZPL1 x B73 and ZPL1 x B84) with inbred donors and then to start self-pollination with the aim to derive inbreds that will replace the inbred ZPL1 in the observed period. The values of favourable alleles in the inbreds B91(C8) and B97(C9) of the synthetic population BSCB1 were significant. Both inbreds had a significant positive difference μG*-(μD* or μF*) between the number of favourable dominant and unfavourable recessive alleles, and due to it, the F1 generation (parental inbred x inbred donor) should be backcrossed to the inbred donor.