Competitive ability of soybean and proso millet in different intercrop combinations

Abstract

Intercropping includes cultivating of two or more crop species simultaneously on the same filed. Benefits of intercropping can be achieved only if complementary crops are combined, which results in a higher and more stable yield in regard to sole crops. The competition of proso millet (M) and soybean (S) in different intercrop combinations (S-M, SS-MM, SS-MMMM), simultaneously testing influence of bio-fertilizer on them, was studied. In regard to competitive ratio and agressivity, all combinations showed soybean as dominant and millet as dominated specie. Since SS-MM combination has significantly separated from other two, with high values of competitive ratio and agressivity for soybean and low for millet, it can be concluded that ratio and planting pattern had significant influence on obtained results. Bio-fertilizer didn’t express greater impact comparing with intercropping, which influence was much more pronounced. Soybean showed its highest competitive ability in SS-MM treated with Coveron (3.36), while average aggressivity for this combination was 0.95. In contrast to soybean, in this combination millet showed its lowest values. Anyhow, deeper studies are desirable to find out the most productive combination for forage biomass production.

Združivanje useva obuhvata gajenje dve ili više vrste biljaka istovremeno na istom prostoru. Prednosti združivanja mogu se ispoljiti samo u slučajevima kada se kombinuju komplementarni usevi, što rezultira višim i stabilnijim prinosom u odnosu na samostalne useve. U ovom istraživanju ispitivana je kompeticija prosa (M) i soje (S) u različitim kombinacijama združenih useva (S-M, SS-MM, SSMMMM), istovremeno prateći i uticaj bio-đubriva na njih. Što se tiče konkuretnog odnosa i agresivnosti, u svim kombinacijama soja je pokazala svoju dominatnost dok je proso bio izdominirana vrsta. S obzirom da se SS-MM kombinacija značajno izdvojila od ostale dve, sa visokim vrednostima konkuretnog odnosa i agresivnosti za soju i niskim za proso, može se zaključiti da su odnos biljaka i njihov prostorni raspored uticali na dobijene rezultate. Bio-đubrivo nije imalo velikog efekta u odnosu na samo združivanje, čiji se uticaj posebno istakao. Soja je pokazala svoju najveću kompetitivnu sposobnost u SS-MM kombinaciji tretiranoj Coveron-om (3.36), dok je prosečna agresivnost za ovu kombinaciju iznosila 0.95. Suprotno od soje, proso je iskazao svoje najniže vrednosti u navedenoj kombinaciji. U svakom slučaju, detaljnije studije su potrebne kako bi se pronašla najproduktivnija kombinacija za proizvodnju biomase.