Organic agriculture in Serbia

Abstract

Organic agriculture, or at least its basic principles, was introduced, as an idea, in the world in the beginning of the 20th century and has been present since. Today's principles of organic agriculture were established in 1972 by founding the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFAOM). The aim of this study was to analyse concept, idea and basic principles of organic agriculture as to give an answer why does it provide chances for the development of agriculture in the world and in our country? In Serbia, organic agriculture has been present for almost 30 years, but it is still seeking its place. It could be said, it is on the very begging in relation to the rest of the world. The reason for this is the specific production technology that increases the price of production inputs, the economic situation in the country, insufficient training of farmers and their inadequate knowledge about importance and benefits of organic agriculture. Great natural potential and unpolluted natural resources are Serbia's potentials for the development of this branch of agriculture. The largest areas with organic farms are in Vojvodina, but under developed rural areas and small farms should also seek their chances in such cultivation. Today, in the world, areas with organic agriculture amount to 0.9% of the total agricultural area. The highest average percentage of these areas is in Europe (6.2%). As many as eight countries have an average over 10%, while there are only 0.44% of such areas in Serbia. Organic agriculture is not just a production method, but also a new way of living of modern man. It is a return to old values and preservation of new ones. Export of such products is the only chance for our farmers, due to the economic situation, but it is necessary to develop the network of extension services that will spread the knowledge and create prerequisites that will provide better access to both the production and the products to an average farmer in our country.

Organska poljoprivreda, ili barem njeni osnovni principi, u svetu je zastupljena i prisutna kao ideja s početka dvadesetog veka. Današnji principi organske poljoprivrede utemeljeni su 1972. godine, osnivanjem Međunarodne federacije pokreta za organsku poljoprivredu IFAOM. Analiza pojma, ideje i osnovnih principa organske poljoprivrede i zašto se u njoj vide razvojne šanse poljoprivrede u svetu i u našoj zemlji, cilj je ovog rada. Veliki prirodni potencijal i nezagađeni prirodni resursi su potencijal koji ima Srbija za razvoj ove grane poljoprivrede. Najveće površine pod organskom su u Vojvodini, iako prednost u razvijanju organske poljoprivrede treba dati nerazvijenim ruralnim predelima i malim gazdinstvima. Danas u svetu površine pod organskom poljoprivredom zauzimaju 0,9% ukupnog poljoprivrednog zemljišta. Evropa ima najveći prosečni procenat površina od 6,2%. Čak osam zemalja ima prosek veći od 10%. Srbija ima svega 0,44% površina pod ovakvim načinom proizvodnje. Organska poljoprivreda nije samo način proizvodnje već novi način života savremenog čoveka. Povratak starim vrednostima i očuvanje novih. Šanse našeg proizvođača za sada su samo u izvozu ovih proizvod, zbog ekonomskih prilika, ali zato treba razvijati mrežu stručnih službi koje će širiti znanje i preduslove da približe kako proizvodnju tako i sam proizvod prosečnom proizvođaču i potrošaču naše zemlje.