ZP maize hybrids as silage raw material

Abstract

Due to its yields, biomass quality and biomass suitability for ensiling, diversity of use in feedstuff, maize is one of the most important forage plants. In comparison with other forage plants, the production of silage maize results in the greatest accumulation of solar energy per area unit. The positive correlation between a high density of net energy and the concentration of net energy as well as between digestibility of organic matter and the concentration of net energy is achieved in the produced biomass of maize plant. The yield of silage maize in dependence on the genetic potential of yield and agroecological conditions of the production ranges from 12 to 25 tonnes of the total dry matter per hectare at physiological maturity for ensiling with the dry matter content of 35-42%. This study presents results obtained in the long-term scientific and research programme on the improvement of ZP maize hybrids utilisation carried out in the Department of Technological Research at the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje. The overall presentation of biomass quality parameters of six ZP maize hybrids (ZP 158, ZP 173/8, ZP 377, ZP 440, ZP 555 and ZP 679) of different genetic backgrounds intended for silage production is given in this study. Besides, interrelationships among these factors as well as their effects on maize biomass digestibility were established.

Po visini prinosa, kvalitetu biomase i njenoj pogodnosti za siliranje, raznovrsnosti upotrebe za ishranu domaćih životinja - kukuruz je najvažnija krmna biljka. U odnosu na druge krmne biljke proizvodnjom silažnog kukuruza postiže se najveća akumulacija sunčeve energije po jedinici površine. U dobijenoj biomasi kukuruzne biljke ostvaruje se pozitivna korelacija između visokog prinosa neto energije i koncentracije neto energije, kao i između svarljivosti organske materije i koncentracije neto energije. Prinos silažnog kukuruza u zavisnosti od genetskog potencijala (rodnosti) i agroekoloških uslova proizvodnje se kreće od 12-25 tona ukupne suve materije po hektaru u fazi fiziološke zrelosti za siliranje sa sadržajem suve materije od 35-42%. U ovom radu su prikazani rezultati dugoročnog naučnoistraživačkog programa na unapređenju korišćenja ZP hibrida kukuruza kao sirovine za proizvodnju silaže u Odseku za tehnološka istraživanja Instituta za kukuruz 'Zemun Polje'. Pregledno je dat zbirni prikaz parametra kvaliteta biomase šest ZP hibrida kukuruza (ZP 158, ZP 173/8, ZP 377, ZP 440, ZP 555, ZP 679) različite genetičke osnove namenjenih za proizvodnju silaže. Pored toga, utvrđena je i međusobna zavisnost ovih faktora kao i njihov uticaj na svarljivost kukuruzne biomase.