Protein and tryptophan content in kernels of maize hybrids

Abstract

In this work, proteins and tryptophan content were analyzed in kernels of semi-flint, semi-dent, dent and specialty ZP maize hybrids. Protein content, as well as protein fraction, differed significantly among the analyzed maize genotypes. Globulin was the lowest fraction in kernels of all maize hybrids (6.69-11.03% of total protein). The content of albumin was the highest in sweet hybrids ZP 441su and ZP 461su i.e. 20.27% and 19.76% of total protein, respectively. α-Zein and G-3 glutelin were dominant protein fractions in all maize genotypes. The highest content of α-zein and G-3 glutelin was in the kernels of popping maize hybrid ZP 611k, i.e. 29.25 and 25.71% of total protein, respectively. All hybrids could be classified according to the tryptophan content in three groups - over 0.08% (sweet and waxy hybrids), from 0.06 to 0.07% (three standard dent hybrids, one semi-flint and two semident hybrid) and from 0.05 to 0.06% (two semi-flint, one semi-dent hybrids and popping).

U ovom radu ispitivan je sadržaj rastvorljivih proteina i triptofana u zrnu polutvrdunaca, poluzubana, zubana i specifičnih ZP hibrida kukuruza. Sadržaj ukupnih proteina, kao i sadržaj rastvorljivih proteinskih frakcija se statistički razlikovao između analiziranih genotipova kukuruza. Globulin je bio najmanjie zastupljena frakcija u kukuruznom zrnu (6.69-11.03% od ukupnih proteina). Sadržaj albuminske frakcije u zrnu hibrida šećeraca ZP 441su i ZP 461su iznosio je 20.27% i 19.76% od ukupnih proteina, dok je u zrnu ostalih hibrida bio značajno niži. α-zein i G3-glutelin bile su dominantne frakcije u zrnu svih ispitivanih genotipova kukuruza. Najviši sadržaj α-zeina i G3-glutelina bio je u zrnu kukuruza kokičara ZP 611k i iznosio je 29.25% i 25.71% od ukupnih proteina. Prema sadržaju triptofana svi analizirani hibridi mogu se podeliti u tri grupe: preko 0.08% (šećerci i voksi hibridi - ZP 441su, ZP 461su i ZP 704wx), od 0.06 do 0.07% (tri standardna zubana - ZP 434, ZP 544, ZP 688, poluzubani - ZP 643, ZP 717 i polutvrdunac ZP Prado), od 0.05 do 0.06% (dva polutvrdunca - ZP 209, ZP 745, jedan poluzuban i kokičar - ZP 505, ZP 611k). PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-20039.