Antioxidants in soybean and sunflower grain

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine differences in antioxidants content: phytate, phenolics, free thiolics (PSH) and glutathione (GSH) in seeds of 7 soybean varieties and 10 sunflower lines with aim to signify their nutritive quality, valuable for further breeding process. The variations between soybean varieties in phytate content were minor, while el/7 was sunflower line with lowest phytate content, which could be used for program breeding of low phytate grain. The relative high phytate and phenolics content was present in Laura seeds, as well as lowest PSH and GSH content. Generally, the higher content of phenolics were in sunflower seeds, what could be considered as negative atribut from nutritive point of view. The highest PSH content was observed in soybean seeds of Nena and Olga. Lower PSH and GSH content was noted in sunflower seeds (down to 4 and 7 times, respectively), compared to soybean. The soybean seeds have potentially better antioxidative potential, compared to sunflower, owing to multiple higher PSH and GSH content and lower level of phenolics. Soybean variety Olga is accenuated as high in PSH and GSH, as well as sunflower line l4/ru, which had higher PSH and particulary GSH level, with lower phytate and phenolics content, as possible antinutrients.

Cilj ogleda je bio da se ispitaju razlike u sadržaju antioksidanata: fitina, fenola, slobodnih tiola i glutationa u semenu 7 ZP sorti soje i 10 linija suncokreta i time ukaže na njihov nutritivni kvalitet i značaj za dalji proces selekcije. Kod soje nije bilo znatnijih variranja u pogledu sadržaja fitina, dok se kod suncokreta izdvaja el/7, kao linija sa najnižim učešćem fitina, koja bi mogla poslužiti u postupku oplemenjvanja niskofitinskih hibrida suncokreta. Kod Laure je pored relativno visokog sadržaj fenola i fitina bio prisutan i najniži sadržaj PSH i GSH. Kod suncokreta je generalno bio prisutan znatno veći sadržaj fenola u zrnu, što je sa nutritivne tačke gledišta negativno. Kod ispitivanih sorti soje, najveći sadržaj PSH je bio kod Nene i Olge. U semenu suncokreta je prosečno bilo 4 i 7 puta manje PSH i GSH. Seme soje poseduje potencijalno bolji antioksidativni potencijal u odnosu na suncokret, zahvaljujući višestruko većem sadržaju PSH i GSH i nižem udelu fenola. Posebno se ističe sorta soje Olga sa visokom sadržajem PSH i GSH, kao i linija suncokreta l4/ru, koja je imala veći sadržaj PSH, a posebno GSH i niži udeo fitina i fenola, kao potencijalnih antinutritiva.