Adjuvants and nozzles effects in Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) control using nicosulfuron
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Johnsongrass is one of the most troublesome weed species to control, since it
belongs to the same family as maize. The sulfonylureas have been the first
selective herbicides for Johnsongrass control in maize. Non-proper use of
sulfonylureas had led to herbicide resistance development, and weed control
failures. However, an optimization of herbicide performance through
different adjuvants and spraying nozzles application can improve
Johnsongrass control. Adjuvants are able to change physico-chemical
properties of herbicide solution, while nozzles influence coverage rate and
potential drift. A field trial regarding the influence of adjuvants and nozzles
on Johnsongrass control started 2020 at the experimental field of the Maize
Research Institute “Zemun Polje”. Nicosulfuron (OD formulation) was
applied at 5-6-leaf stage, tank-mixed with NIS (non-ionic surfactant) or
AMS (ammonium-sulphate) using XR11002 or TTI11002 nozzles.
Sprayings were done when maize develop...ed 5-6 leaves (15-16 BBCH) using
CO2 backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver a spray volume of 140 l ha-1
of
solution at 275.8 kPa. Following applications, weed density and biomass
were evaluated on the 28th day. After harvest, maize grain yield was
measured. According to obtained data, the highest Johnsongrass suppression
was obtained using XN nozzle when nicosulfuron was tank-mixed with NIS
adjuvant. Spraying with XR nozzle provided 96.3% of the biomass reduction
compared to the untreated check, while spaying with TTI nozzle provided
87.5% of biomass reduction. Addition of AMS as adjuvant reduced to 70%
of biomass, as it was noticed in the treatment without adjuvant.
Consequently, the highest grain yield of 12.3 t ha-1 was recorded when
nicosulfuron was tank-mixed with NIS adjuvant and sprayed with XR
nozzle, while the yield of 11.7 t ha-1 was recorded when the TTI nozzle was
used. The lowest yield, ranging from 10.6 to 11.4 t ha-1
, was recorded in
treatments without adjuvants.
Ključne reči:
herbicide / application technology / efficacyIzvor:
International conference "The frontiers of science and technology in crop breeding and production conference", Belgrade, 8-9 June 2021 - Book of abstracts, 2021, 64-64Izdavač:
- Belgrade - Zemun : Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje