Genetic characterization of early maturing maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) obtained by protein and RAPD markers

Abstract

Knowledge of maize germplasm genetic diversity is important for planning breeding programmes, germplasm conservation per se etc. Genetic variability of maize hybrids grown in the fields is also very important because genetic uniformity implies risks of genetic vulnerability to stress factors and can cause great losts in yield. Early maturing maize hybrids are characterized by shorter vegetation period and they are grown in areas with shorter vegetation season. Because of different climatic conditions in these areas lines and hybrids are developed with different features in respect to drought resistance and disease resistance. The objective of our study was to characterize set of early maturing maize hybrids with protein and RAPD markers and to compare this clasification with their pedigree information. RAPD markers gave significantly higher rate of polymorphism than protein markers. Better corelation was found among pedigree information and protein markers.

Poznavanje genetičke varijubilnosti germplazme kukuruza je važno zbog planiranja programa selekcije, konzervacije germplazme per se. Genetička uniformnost uključuje rizik od velikih gubitaka u prinosima zbog izuzetne osetljivosti ovakvih useva na stresne faktore sredine. Rani hibridi se odlikuju kraćim vegetacionim periodom i namenjeni su za gajenje u područjima sa kraćom vegetacionom sezonom. Zbog različitih klimatskih uslova u ovim područjima stvorene su linije i hibridi sa različitim osobinama u pogledu otpornosti na susu i bolesti lista, stabla i klipa. Cilj rada je bila karakterizacija ranih hibrida različitog poreklu primenom proteinskih i RAPD markera. U ovom radu RAPD markeri su pokazali znatno viši nivo polimorfizma, dok su proteinski markeri pokazali bolje slaganje sa pedigre podacima ispitivanih hibrida.