Genetic similarity of soybean genotypes revealed by seed protein

Abstract

More accurate and complete descriptions of genotypes could help determinate future breeding strategies and facilitate introgression of new genotypes in current soybean genetic pool. The objective of this study was to characterize 20 soybean genotypes from the Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje" collection, which have good agronomic performances, high yield, lodging and drought resistance, and low shuttering by seed proteins as biochemical markers. Seed proteins were isolated and separated by PAA electrophoresis. On the basis of the presence/absence of protein fractions coefficients of similarity were calculated as Dice and Roger and Tanamoto coefficient between pairs of genotypes. The similarity matrix was submitted for hierarchical cluster analysis of un weighted pair group using arithmetic average (UPGMA) method and necessary computation were performed using NTSYS-pc program. Protein seed analysis confirmed low level of genetic diversity in soybean. The highest genetic similarity was between genotypes P9272 and Kador. According to obtained results, soybean genotypes were assigned in two larger groups and coefficients of similarity showed similar results. Because of the lack of pedigree data for analyzed genotypes, correspondence with marker data could not be determined. In plant with a narrow genetic base in their gene pool, such as soybean, protein markers may not be sufficient for characterization and study of genetic diversity.

Proteini semena 20 odabranih genotipova soje analizirana su u cilju genetičke karakterizacije i determinacije genetičke divergentosti. Genetička srodnost između ispitivanih genotipova utvrđena je primenom koeficijenta sličnosti po Dice-i Roger-u i Tanimoto-u. Na osnovu analize proteinskog kompleksa najmanja genetička sličnost dobijena je između genotipova Nena i Progres, a najveća između genotipova P9272 i Kunitz primenom oba koeficijenta sličnosti. Da bi se utvrdilo na koji način se ispitivani genotipovi grupišu na osnovu dobijenih koeficijenata sličnosti korišćene su dve tehnike-klaster i PC analiza. Oba koeficijenta sličnosti dala su klastere slične strukture i ispitivani genotipovi su se grupisali u dva veća klastera (I i II). Klaster I sadrži genotipove selekcionisane u Institutu za kukuruz "Zemun Polje" Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu i jedan genotip poreklom iz Francuske koji je jedan od roditelja domaće sorte, pa je to možda razlog zbog koga se ovi genotipovi grupišu zajedno. Klaster II sadrži genotipove poreklom iz Severne Amerike, Francuske, Italije i Kanade. Za genotipove koje smo ispitivali u radu nemamo kompletne podatke o poreklu tako da nije moguće utvrditi da li klasifikacija na osnovu markera odgovara i klasifikaciji na osnovu porekla.