The occurrence of mycotoxins in sweet maize hybrids
Аутори
Nikolić, MilicaSrdić, Jelena
Savić, Iva
Žilić, Slađana
Stevanović, Milan
Kandić, Vesna
Stanković, Slavica
Чланак у часопису (Објављена верзија)
Метаподаци
Приказ свих података о документуАпстракт
The objective of the present study was to investigate the susceptibility of maize hybrids to the
natural mycotoxins contamination: aflatoxin total (AFLA), deoxynivalenol (DON),
zearalenon (ZEA) and fumonisins (FB). Hybrids were grown during two production years
(2019 and 2020) in two locations. Mycotoxin contamination of maize grains was evaluated in
five sweet maize hybrids. Contamination level of investigated hybrids of first cluster was
mainly by below average values of ZEA (all equal to zero) and DON. Hybrids PK4 (S) 2020,
PK6 (MS) 2020 and PK4 (MS) 2020 had below average values for AFLA, while remaining
treatments of this cluster have mostly elevated values of this mycotoxin. Contamination level
of investigated hybrids of second cluster mostly had increased values of mycotoxins ZEA
and DON and below average values of AFLA. Samples did not contain fumonisins.
Mycotoxin contamination were significantly affected by hybrids and years. We have
established that DON and ZEA le...vels were influenced by the environmental conditions.
There were no significant effects of location on the level of AFLA in the sweet maize
hybrids. The variation in the properties of mycotoxin content (DON) was significantly
influenced by hybrids, and there was no significance of hybrids x location interaction.
Differences were more expressed for the content of ZEA and AFLA compared to the content
of DON. Hybrid PK1 had the lowest content of DON, while it had the highest content of
ZEA. Mycotoxin analyses showed that in all tested hybrids, levels of AFLA, DON, ZEA and
FBs were below the maximum permissible levels stipulated by the legislation of the
European Union and the Republic of Serbia in maize intended for direct human consumption.
These results confirmed that the susceptibility of hybrids is one of the important risks, in addition to climatic factors, for the appearance of toxigenic fungi and their mycotoxins.
Genotype tolerance is very important as a preventive measure, which indicates that breeders
have to pay attention to it in sweet maize breeding programs.
Cilj ovog rada bio je da se prouči osteljivost hibrida kukuruza na prirodnu kontaminaciju
mikotoksinima (aflatoksin B1 (AFB1), deoksnivalenol (DON), zearalenol (ZEA) i fumonizini
(FB)). Hibrdi su gajeni tokom dve proizvodne godine (2019. i 2020) u dve lokacije.
Kontaminacija zrna kukuruza mikotoksinima ispitivana je na pet hibrida kukuruza šećerca. Nivo
kontaminacije proučavanih hibrida prvog klastera bio je uglavnom ispod prosečnih vrednosti
ZEA (sve vrednosti su bile nula) i DON. Vrednosti AFLA kod hibrida PK4 (S) 2020, PK6 (MS)
2020 i PK4 (MS) 2020 su bile ispod prosečne vrednosti, dok su vrednosti ovog mikotoksina bile
više od prosečnih vrednosti za ostale tretmane ovog klastera. Nivoi kontaminacije proučavanih
hibrida drugog klastera su uglavnom bili viši za mikotoksine ZEA i DON i niži za AFLA.
Fumnonizni nisu utrvđreni u uzorcima. Na kontaminaciju mikotoksinima značajno su uticali
hibiridi i godine. Utvrđeno je da su uslovi sredine uticali na nivoe DON i ZEA. Lokacija ...nije
značajno uticala na nivo AFLA kod hibrida kukuruza šećerca. Hibridi su značajno uticali na
variranje sadržaja mikotoksina (DON), dok hibrid × lokacija interakcija nije bila značajna.
Razlike su bile izraženije za sadržaj ZEA i ALFA nego za sadržaj DON. Najniži sadržaj DON
utvrđen je kod hibrida PK1, kod koga je sadržaj ZEA bio najviši. Analize mikotoksina pokazuju
da su nivoi AFLA, DON, ZEA i FB u svim ispitivanim hibridima bili ispod maksimalno
dozvoljenih nivoa koji su propisani zankonima Evropske Unije i Republike Srbije za kukuruz
koji je namenjen za direktnu ljudsku konzumaciju. Ovi rezultati potvrđuju da je osetljivost
hibrida jedan od važnih rizika pored klimatskih faktora za pojavu toksigenih gljiva i njihovih
mikotoksima. Tolerantnost genotipa je veoma važna preventivna mera, na koju oplemenjivači
moraju da obrate pažnju u programima oplemenjivanja kukuruza šećerca.
Кључне речи:
aflatoxins / deoxynivalenol / zearalenon / fumonisinsИзвор:
Genetika, 2021, 53, 3, 1311-1320Издавач:
- Belgrade : Serbian Genetics Society