Prestižna selekciona i semenarska svojstva samooplodnih linija i hibrida kukuruza relevantna za savremenu proizvodnju hibridnog semena i merkantilnog kukuruza

Abstract

This study confirmed the hypothesis that there were maize inbred lines (ZPPL 62 and ZPPL 233) and three representative hybrids (ZP 341, ZP 434 and ZP 578) whose traits are prestigious and relevant for the improvement of both, a modern breeding process and a contemporary technology of the hybrid and commercial maize seed production. It was shown that a non-invasive photosynthetic-fluorescence method could be successfully applied in breeding and the hybrid maize seed production in order to determinate estimates of prestigious maize inbred lines related to adaptability, tolerance, resistance and adaptedness to increased and high temperatures, as well as, to drought. It was also shown that prestigious inbreds had a trait of erect leaves above the ear, and thereby a satisfactory property of the efficient photo-model. It was determined that studied inbreds were characterised by a greater grain dry down rate during the maturation period. Critical temperatures at which a smaller of grater structural and functional changes occur in the thylakoid membrane were determined in observed inbreeds. The values of the activation energy (Ea, kJ/mol) along straight lines prior and after occurrences of critical temperatures in the thermal process of observed inbreds were determined. A different monotony in the ascending part of the thermal curve intensity, which points out to uneven tolerance, resistance and adaptability of studied maize inbreds increased and high temperatures, as well as, to drought. Other numerous relevant breeding and seed production traits considered within the obtained total results were analysed and they contribute to more exact, rational and faster proceeding a modern process of breeding and contemporary technology of the hybrid maize seed production.