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Influence of plant density on toxigenic fungal and mycotoxin contamination of maize grains

Authorized Users Only
2019
Authors
Krnjaja, Vesna
Mandić, Violeta
Lukić, Miloš
Bijelić, Zorica
Stanković, Slavica
Obradović, Ana
Vasić, Tanja
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
Field trials were set up in the Belgrade area (Serbia) in 2013 and 2014 to determine the effect of plant density on the natural incidence of potentially toxigenic fungi and the level of mycotoxins, aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins (FBs) in two Serbian maize hybrids of the FAO maturity group 700 (ZP 735 and NS Zenit). Three plant density treatments, namely, 55,000 plants ha(-1) (PD1), 64,000 plants ha(-1) (PD2) and 75,000 plants ha(-1) (PD3), were evaluated. The incidence of identified potentially toxigenic fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium and the FB level increased significantly (P lt = 0.01) at PD3. The effect of year was also significant (P lt = 0.01) on the incidence of toxigenic fungi, as all fungal species had a higher incidence in 2014 than in 2013, with the exception of Aspergillus spp. that showed a significantly higher incidence in 2013. Levels of all tested mycotoxins were higher in 2014 than in 2013. The higher incidence... of Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium subglutinans, Fusarium verticillioides and Penicillium spp. and higher levels of AFB1 and FBs were observed in the hybrid ZP 735, whereas the hybrid NS Zenit had a higher incidence of Aspergillus spp. The effect of hybrids was not significant on the incidence of F. subglutinans and the DON level. These results indicated that the highest investigated plant density increased the fungal incidence and the FB level, especially in 2014. Although the two hybrids originated from the same FAO group, they differed in their effects on some toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins.

Keywords:
Zea mays L. / Plant density / Potentially toxigenic fungi / Mycotoxins
Source:
Crop Protection, 2019, 116, 126-131
Publisher:
  • Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
Projects:
  • Reduction of toxigenic Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in production of safe cereal-based foods (RS-31023)
  • Sustainable conventional and revitalized traditional production of poultry meat and eggs with added value (RS-31033)
  • Implementation of new biotechnological solution in breeding of cattle, sheep and goats for the purpose of obtaining biologically valuable and safe food (RS-31053)

DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2018.10.021

ISSN: 0261-2194

WoS: 000454462900017

Scopus: 2-s2.0-85055321007
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URI
http://rik.mrizp.rs/handle/123456789/735
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  • Радови истраживача / Researchers' publications
Institution
MRIZP

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