Effects of a genotype x sowing density interaction on maize yielding on irrigated chernozem

Abstract

The aim of these studies was to determine the number of plants per hectare that would provide the maximum utilization of the genetic yielding potential of maize hybrids belonging to different FAO maturity groups and would also contribute to a rational use of seeds. The two-factorial trial was performed on irrigated chernozem in the period 2006-2008, according to the split-plot method with four replicates. Hybrids ZP 578 (FAO 500) and ZP 735 (FAO 700) observed in the combination with seven sowing densities (G1 - 40,816 plants ha-1, G2 - 50,125 plants ha-1, G3 - 59,524 plants ha-1, G4 - 69,686 plants ha-1, G5 - 79,365 plants ha-1, G6 - 86,286 plants ha-1 and G7 - 98,522 plants ha-1). Gained results show that statistically very significant differences in maize grain yields were obtained between the studied hybrids and the sowing densities. The lowest yields were recorded for all studied hybrids at the lowest sowing density (40,861 plants ha-1). The yield projection shows that the maximum grain yield of the hybrid ZP 578, i.e. hybrid ZP 735 can be expected at the level of 13.53 t ha-1, i.e. 12.86 t ha-1 at the sowing density of 84,000 plants ha-1, i.e. 72,000 ZP plants ha-1, respectively. In accordance with the rational use of seeds, high yields are obtained by sowing that provides 60,000 plants of ZP 578 ha-1 and 50,000 plants of ZP 735 ha-1.

Cilj proučavanja bio je da se utvrdi broj biljaka po hektaru koji stvara uslove za maksimalno korišćenje genetičkog potencijala rodnosti dva hibrida kukuruza različite FAO grupe zrenja i ujedno doprinosi racionalnoj upotrebi semena. Dvofaktorijalni ogled izveden je u periodu 2006-2008 na navodnjavanom černozemu, po metodi razdeljenih parcela u četiri ponavljanja. Isptitivani su hibridi ZP 578 (FAO 500) i ZP 735 (FAO 700) u kombinaciji setve sa sedam gustina (G1 - 40,816 bilj. ha-1, G2 - 50,125 bilj. ha-1, G3 - 59,524 bilj. ha-1, G4 - 69,686 bilj. ha-1, G5 - 79,365 bilj. ha-1, G6 - 86,286 bilj. ha-1 and G7 - 98,522 bilj. ha-1). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da su između ispitivanih hibrida i gustina setve ostvarene statistički veoma značajne razlike prinosa zrna kukuruza. Najniže prinose ispitivani hibridi su ostvarili pri najmanjoj gustini setve (40,816 bilj. ha-1). Projekcija prinosa pokazuje da se maksimalan prinos zrna hibrida ZP 578 može očekivati na nivou 13,53 t ha-1 pri gustini setve 84.000 bilj. ha-1, a 12,86 t ha-1 hibrida ZP 735 pri gustini 72.000 bilj ha-1. U skladu sa racionalnom upotrebom semena, visoki prinosi hibrida ZP 578 obezbeđuju se sklopom sa 60.000 biljaka, a hibrida ZP 735 sa 50.000 biljaka po hektaru.