Studies on maize inbred lines susceptibility to herbicides

Abstract

This paper presents the analysis of results obtained during long- term studies on the response of maize inbred lines to herbicides. Under the agroecological conditions of Zemun Polje the response (reaction of maize inbred lines to herbicides of different classes was investigated. Biological tests were performed and some agronomic, morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters were determined when the response of maize inbred lines to herbicides was estimated. The use of active ingredients of herbicides from triazine, acetanilide, thiocarbamate to new chemical groups (sulfonylurea etc.), have been resulted in changes in weed suppression and susceptibility of inbred lines. Obtained results show that effects of herbicides on susceptible maize genotypes can be different: they can slowdown the growth and development and affect the plant height; they can also affect the stages of the tassel and ear development and at the end they can reduced grain yield of the tested inbreds. Numerous studies confirmed the existence of differences in susceptibility level of maize genotypes in relation to herbicides. According to gained results the recommendations for growers are made on the possibility of the application of new herbicides in the hybrid seed production.

U radu se, na osnovu višegodišnjih ispitivanja, daje analiza rezultata koji se odnose na reakciju linija kukuruza prema herbicidima. U višegodišnjem periodu u uslovima Zemun Polja ispitivana je reakcija samooplodnih linija kukuruza u odnosu na herbicide raznih grupa, primenjenih u raznim rokovima. Za ocenu reakcije biljaka prema herbicidima korišćeni su razni biološki testovi i mereni različiti pokazatelji: agronomski, morfološki i fiziološko - biohemijski. Sa promenom aktivnih materija koje su se koristile u usevima kukuruza od triazina, acetanilida, tiokarbamata do uvođenja novih hemijskih grupa (sulfonilurea i dr.), menjali su se i problemi u vezi suzbijanjem korova i osetljivošću samooplodnih linija kukuruza. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da herbicidi kod osetljivih genotipova kukuruza mogu da uspore rastenje, deluju na visinu biljaka, utiču na proticanje etapa razvića metlice i klipa i na kraju smanje prinos zrna ispitivanih linija. Brojnim istraživanjima potvrđeno je postojanje razlika u nivou osetljivosti raznih genotipova kukuruza u odnosu na herbicide. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata se daju preporuke proizvođačima o mogućnosti primene novog herbicida u proizvodnji hibridnog semena.