Genetic correlations for more important traits between S1 and HS families in two composites of maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract

Genetic correlations for more important agronomic traits between S1 and HS families of two composites of maize (Composite B and M) were investigated. For the grain yield genotypic correlation between S1 and HS families in Comp. B was significant, medium strong (0,359*), but too low for predictable purposes. Greater correlation for the grain yield was obtained in Comp. M, it was strong and highly significant (0,663**). Correlations for grain yield were lower than for the other investigated traits in both composites. For the ear height and 1000 kernel weight these correlations were higher in Comp. B, while for the rest of the traits they were greater in Comp. M, indicating greater share of the additive in the total genotypic variance in this composite. As far as the grain yield is concerned, combined S1-HS selection should be applied only in the Comp. M, based on the strong, highly significant correlation between investigated families. In Comp. B this is not the case. For this composite, alternative procedure, for the simultaneous improvement of the population per se and its combining ability, is first to apply S1, and after that HS selection, but with very low intensity (about 30%).

U radu su proučavane genetičke korelacije važnijih agronomskih svojstava između S1 i HS familija u dva kompozita kukuruza (Kotnp. B i M). Za prinos zrna, genetička korelacija S1 i HS familija u Kotnp. B bila je značajna, srednje jaka (0,359*), ali i suviše niska da bi se sa sigurnošću, na osnovu prinosa S1 familije, sudilo o njenoj KS, ili obrnuto. Veća korelacija za prinos zrna utvrđena je u Komp. M i bila je jaka i visoko značajna (0.663**). Korelacije za prinos zrna bile su niže nego za druge ispitivane osobine u oba kompozita. Za visinu klipa i masu 1000zrna vrednosti ovih korelacija bile su veće u Komp. B, a za sve ostale osobine u Komp. M, pa je verovatno u Kompozitu M udeo aditivne u ukupnoj genetičkoj varijansi veći za većinu ispitivanih svojstava. Što se tiče prinosa zrna, kombinovana S1-HS selekcija bi se smela primeniti samo u Komp. M, na osnovu visoko značajne korelacije za ovu osobinu između ispitivanih tipova familija. U Komp. B ovo ne bi smelo da se uradi. Ovde je alternativa, za istovremenu popravku prinosa populacije per se i njene KS, naizmenična primena S1 i HS selekcije (najpre S1 a zatim HS), ali uz vrlo nizak intenzitet (oko 30%).