Proteins in seed and seedlings of selected Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) trees as genetic markers tolerant to drought

Abstract

A precondition necessary for creation and selection of genotypes tolerant of stress conditions is a study of physiological, biochemical and molecular bases of their adaptive reaction to stress. The study includes 40 lines of free pollination originating from 5 provenances: Sutjeska, Višegrad, Tara, Teslić and Durmitor (B&H, Serbia and Montenegro). Two populations were selected from each provenance, i.e.: 5 lines of free pollination represent the population growing on the cliffs and 3 lines of free pollination represent the population growing at the best site of Austrian pine. Specific characteristics of the studied provenances, populations, and free pollination lines were confirmed by the analyses in the salt-soluble proteins. The identical protein composition was proved in a small number of cases in the replicates of the same free pollination line, which indicates a high intra-line variability, which can be the result of the effect of father, as well as of heterozygosity of mother trees. The analyses of protein composition of seed showed considerable differences at provenance level. Inter-line, population and provenance differences, and also, the interaction between the origin and drought factor, were recorded for 9-day-old seedlings germinated in induced drought conditions and in normal conditions.

Preduslov za stvaranje i selekciju tolerantnih genotipova na stresne uslove je proučavanje fiziološke, biohemijske i molekularne osnove njihove adaptivne reakcije na stres. Istraživanjima je obuhvaćeno 40 linija crnog bora slobodnog oprašivanja koje potiču iz 5 provenijencija: Sutjeska, Višegrad, Tara, Teslić i Durmitor (BiH, Srbije i Crna Gora). U svakoj provenijenciji izdvojene su dvije populacije i to: 5 linija slobodnog oprašivanja predstavlja populaciju sa stijena i 3 linije slobodnog oprašivanja populaciju na najboljem staništu crnog bora. Specifičnost ispitivanih provenijencija, populacija, kao i linija slobodnog oprašivanja dokazana je putem analiza u solima rastvorljivih proteina. Identičan proteinski sastav u ponavljanjima iste linije slobodnog oprašivanja je dokazan u malom broju slučajeva, što govori u prilog velike unutarlinijske varijabilnosti koja može biti posledica uticaja oca, kao i heterozigotnosti materinskih stabala. U analizama proteinskog sastava sjemena konstatovane su najznačajnije razlike na nivou provenijencija. Kod klijavaca starih 9 dana, isklijalih u uslovima indukovane suše i u standardnim uslovima, utvrđene su međulinijske, populacione i provenijenične razlike, kao i značajne interakcije porekla i stresnog faktora suše.